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Health in Vietnam
The overall quality of health in Vietnam is good, as reflected by 2010 estimates of life expectancy (76.86 years) and infant mortality (20.24 per 1,000 live births).〔
However, malnutrition is still common in the provinces, and the life expectancy and infant mortality rates are stagnating. In 2001 government spending on health care corresponded to just 0.9 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Government subsidies covered only about 20 percent of health care expenses, with the remaining 80 percent coming out of individuals’ own pockets.〔(Vietnam country profile ). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (December 2005). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.''〕
== Issues ==
Beginning in the late 1980s, the quality of health care began to decline as a result of budgetary constraints, a shift of responsibility to the provinces, and the introduction of charges. Inadequate funding has led to delays in planned upgrades to water supply and sewage systems. As a result, almost half the population has no access to clean water, a deficiency that promotes such infectious diseases as malaria, dengue fever, typhoid, and cholera. Inadequate funding also has contributed to a shortage of nurses, midwives, and hospital beds. In 2000 Vietnam had only 250,000 hospital beds, or 14.8 beds per 10,000 people, a very low ratio among Asian nations, according to the World Bank.〔 Government expenditure on health has declined and the health system is largely financed through user-fees which has direct implications for the rural poor, deterring them from accessing health care.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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